Drain Plumber Near Me Santee thumbnail

Drain Plumber Near Me Santee

Published en
16 min read

Table of Contents




Black Mountain Plumbing

9909 Hibert Street Suite E San Diego, CA 92131
(858) 536-4161
Black Mountain Plumbing

Shower Drain Blockages: Causes, Solutions & Prevention

A shower drain clog changes what should be a rejuvenating daily ritual into an frustrating experience with water buildup around your feet. Common triggers include hair collection, soap scum residue, and mineral buildup from hard water that gradually restricts flow. Gentle and successful removal techniques go from straightforward manual extraction and eco-friendly home remedies to pro-grade methods like hydro jetting and pipe camera. Effective prevention strategies, such as placing hair catchers and conducting regular flushes, ensure drains clear long-term. This detailed guide offers practical insights for residents dealing with clogged shower drains, slow draining showers, or persistent blockages, with special attention to challenges frequent in San Diego properties.

What Causes a Shower Drain Clog? Understanding the Common Culprits

A shower drain clog seldom happens suddenly; instead, it builds up gradually as multiple everyday substances work together to block the pipe. Hair stands out as the primary leading cause, responsible to over 60% of bathroom drain blockages based on plumbing industry reports. Loose hairs that shed during washing get interwoven, creating dense mats that collect additional debris and withstand simple flushing. In areas with hard water, including much of Southern California, minerals interact with soap scum, body oils, and product residues to create a thick, chalky layer that coats pipe interiors and increases blockage formation. This reactive reaction creates a particularly difficult residue that makes most clogged shower drains far more challenging to resolve without focused intervention.

Extra elements aggravate the problem considerably. Skin cells slough off during bathing, mixed with dirt transported in from daily activities, increase volume to the accumulating mass. Residues from thick conditioners, body washes, and bath oils deposit slick films that combine with minerals and hold more debris over time. In aging homes in areas like Poway, Mira Mesa, or Rancho Bernardo, aging pipes with corrosion, narrow diameters, or inadequate slope hold material more quickly, turning minor slowdowns into severe restrictions. These combined causes create a frustrating cycle of persistent blockages, often associated with slow draining showers, foul odors, gurgling sounds, or obvious standing water that creates concerns about potential mold growth and health risks. Understanding these linked factors allows homeowners to select appropriate removal techniques and apply successful prevention measures prior to small issues grow into major plumbing emergencies. For connected concerns about general drainage problems, explore our detailed clogged pipes guide.

Hair Accumulation and How It Builds Up

Hair gathers rapidly because strands normally shed during shampooing and turn intertwined, making water-resistant mats that catch additional debris. These mats grow heavier with each use, progressively restricting water flow and producing noticeable slow draining showers. Families with long-haired individuals or frequent daily users experience this issue at an faster rate. Regular monitoring of drainage speed helps spot initial signs of buildup. For more information on dealing with related bathroom drainage challenges, see our bathroom drains guide.

Impact on Different Household Types

Families with children or long hair members encounter faster hair collection due to greater volume entering the drain daily day. Also single-occupant households can experience significant blockages over time if proactive measures are missed. Using simple barriers early makes a big difference irrespective of household size. Learn more about residential solutions in our residential plumbing overview.

Soap Scum, Body Oils, and Residue

Soap scum forms when fatty acids in bar soaps and liquid body washes react with hard water minerals, generating a adhesive film that covers pipe walls and catches particles. Body oils from skin and hair contribute a oily layer that makes this residue far more difficult to remove organically. Over time, this blend solidifies into a significant obstruction. Routine cleaning practices disrupt this process effectively. For additional insights on maintaining clean pipes, check our drain cleaning services.

Role of Shampoo and Conditioner Buildup

Many popular shampoos and conditioners include additives and conditioning ingredients that leave slippery residues inside pipes. These layers bond with minerals to form especially resistant layers that contribute to persistent shower drain clogs. Choosing lighter-weight, residue-free products can significantly lower accumulation over time. Explore eco-friendly options in our eco-friendly plumbing article.

San Diego Hard Water and Mineral Deposits

Hard water adds high levels of calcium and magnesium that combine with soap residues, forming scale deposits that cover pipes and restrict flow. This local characteristic makes shower drain clogs more frequent and challenging to clear in San Diego homes relative to areas with softer water. Specific maintenance turns into essential for long-term performance. For water quality solutions, review our whole house water filtration page.

Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CADrain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA


Local Water Hardness Stats and Effects

San Diego water generally has high hardness levels that encourage rapid scale buildup and decrease overall pipe efficiency. This condition contributes to more frequent clogged shower drains and demands preventive management. Regular testing helps homeowners remain ahead of problems. See our Rancho Penasquitos water quality guide for more details.

How Scale Narrows Pipes Over Time

Mineral scale builds up progressively, narrowing pipe diameter and forcing water to flow more slowly. What starts as a minor slowdown can evolve into a complete blockage if left ignored. Ongoing cleaning prevents this progressive narrowing. Discover prevention strategies in our preventing plumbing issues article.

Other Debris and Pipe-Related Factors

Everyday dirt, skin cells, and small objects that slip past drain covers increase volume to accumulating blockages. In older homes, corrosion, poor slope, or narrow pipe designs make trapping debris more likely. Regular inspections detect these vulnerabilities early. For broader pipe concerns, visit our pipe replacement page.

Dirt, Skin Cells, and Foreign Objects

Daily grime and shed skin cells increase additional material to blockages, while accidental items like bottle caps or razors create sudden restrictions. Easy care during use lowers these risks substantially. Learn more about common mishaps in our common plumbing mishaps guide.

Age of Pipes in Older Homes

Aging pipes often experience from corrosion or outdated materials that hold debris more readily than modern systems. Improving or regular cleaning extends functionality and reduces clog frequency. Explore upgrade options in our repiping services page.

Identifying the root causes of a shower drain clog enables homeowners to take effective action and stop unnecessary escalation. Early recognition paired with appropriate removal techniques maintains smooth drainage for years. Contact us for a complimentary consultation if your drainage issues continue.

How to Unclog a Shower Drain Yourself: Safe DIY Removal Techniques

Most light to medium shower drain clogs can be resolved safely at home using methods that protect your plumbing system from damage. Start with the gentlest methods and progress only as required. Every time prioritize safety by putting on protective gloves, having proper ventilation, and not using extreme heat on plastic pipes to avoid compromising joints. These approaches efficiently address frequent blockages resulting from hair mats, light soap scum, and initial mineral deposits. For related home plumbing maintenance tips, see our plumbing maintenance guide.

Manual Removal for Surface Clogs

Begin by cautiously removing the drain cover and employing a flashlight to examine for visible material. Gloved hands or needle-nose pliers permit secure extraction of hair clumps and surface residue. This direct approach resolves many minor blockages quickly and avoids further accumulation downstream. It acts as the ideal first step for residents facing a clogged shower drain. More safety guidance is accessible in our plumbing safety tips article.

Tools Needed and Step-by-Step Process

A strong flashlight reveals hidden debris, while sturdy pliers provide the required grip on slippery strands. Proceed slowly to avoid pushing material deeper into the pipe. This careful process commonly clears early-stage issues needing no specialized equipment. For more on basic tools, check our plumbing tips blog.

Boiling Water and Hot Flush Methods

Boil a kettle of water and run it slowly down the drain in stages to melt light soap residue and free early buildup. Continue the process multiple times for maximum effectiveness. Hot water alone can break down many minor soap scum accumulations without adding chemicals. This easy technique is effective particularly well for fresh blockages. For water temperature safety information, see our water heater temperature guide.

When to Use and Limitations

Ideal suited for initial blockages; too much heat should be steered clear of on PVC piping to stop joint damage. Pairing hot water flushes with other methods enhances results on more established blockages. Learn about safe water usage in our warm showers article.

Natural Baking Soda and Vinegar Solution

Pour half a cup of baking soda after half a cup of white vinegar into the drain and let the fizzing to work for at least thirty minutes. This foaming action dissolves organic material like hair and soap scum safely. Complete with a hot water flush to clear dislodged debris completely. This chemical-free approach stays popular for its success and environmental friendliness. For more natural cleaning ideas, visit our eco-friendly plumbing upgrades page.

Reaction Time and Follow-Up Flush

Longer soaking periods tackle harder accumulations; a few hot water flushes later guarantee all material is eliminated entirely. Routine application of this technique maintains pipe cleanliness between professional visits. Discover additional natural remedies in our prevent drain clogs guide.

Plunger and Basic Pressure Techniques

Make a seal by putting a small amount of water to the shower base, then apply a flat-bottom plunger to pump firmly and generate pressure that frees blockages. This classic method is surprisingly successful against many surface-level shower drain clogs. Proper technique enhances results and frequently clears drains in minutes. For more on basic troubleshooting, see our common residential plumbing problems article.

Creating a Proper Seal

Petroleum jelly around the plunger rim enhances suction when water alone is insufficient. Consistent pressure application improves effectiveness significantly. Experience makes this technique more reliable over time. Additional plunger tips are available in our plumbing tips blog.

These tested DIY methods successfully clear the bulk of daily clogged shower drains fast and affordably. When blockages defy repeated attempts or return soon after clearing, professional diagnosis provides complete resolution. Reach out for expert guidance tailored to your unique plumbing situation.

Advanced Removal Techniques: When DIY Isn't Enough

Certain shower drain clogs—particularly those caused by deep hair mats, hardened mineral scale, or undetected pipe problems—just do not react to standard home remedies. Professional-grade techniques provide thorough cleaning while safeguarding pipe integrity and avoiding avoidable damage. These advanced techniques tackle root causes rather than just symptoms, providing significantly longer-lasting results. For more on professional solutions, explore our professional plumbing services page.

Drain Snake and Zip-It Tool Usage

A flexible drain snake or plastic Zip-It tool extends longer into the pipe to directly grab and pull out tough blockages. This physical method performs well at clearing dense hair clumps and collected debris that withstand chemical or pressure-based clearing. Correct technique prevents driving material deeper into the system. Many homeowners realize this tool indispensable for moderate clogs. Learn more about drain tools in our stubborn clogged drain guide.

Choosing the Right Tool

Plastic Zip-It tools work well for accessible blockages, while extended metal snakes manage more severe restrictions more effectively. Selecting the appropriate length and material provides efficient clearing without too much effort. Professional-grade versions offer better durability. For tool selection advice, see our drain cleaning overview.

Hydro Jetting for Tough Buildups

Hydro jetting employs high-pressure water streams to fully scour pipe interiors, clearing scale, grease, hair, and mineral deposits that conventional methods fail to touch. This effective technique returns full pipe diameter and eliminates concealed accumulations accountable for recurring blockages. Qualified professionals control pressure to prevent any risk to modern piping. Many San Diego homeowners experience significant improvement after this service. Discover more about this method on our hydro jetting page.

High-Pressure Benefits

The intense force fully cleans pipe walls, providing enhanced results compared to mechanical snaking alone. Consistent application lengthens pipe life greatly in hard water areas. This approach removes the requirement for multiple temporary fixes. For pressure-related plumbing information, check our water pressure guide.

Sewer Camera Inspection for Hidden Issues

Tiny, bendy cameras go through pipes to offer live visual inspection of interior conditions. This non-invasive diagnostic tool uncovers cracks, root intrusion, offset joints, or severe scale buildup that would normally be hidden. Accurate identification prevents unnecessary digging or guesswork repairs. Many homeowners value the understanding this service offers to difficult problems. Explore camera technology in our plumbing camera service page.

Identifying Deeper Problems

Live footage pinpoints precise spots and causes of blockages, permitting focused interventions rather than broad treatments. This precision conserves both time and money. Regular inspections catch emerging issues before they evolve into emergencies. For more diagnostic information, visit our plumbing inspections page.

Preventing Future Recurrence

Results from camera inspections direct personalized maintenance plans that tackle unique vulnerabilities in your system. Forward-thinking planning lowers future disruptions. This proactive approach offers exceptional long-term value. Learn about prevention planning in our preventing plumbing issues guide.

Professional techniques provide full clearance when home methods are inadequate. Professional application provides reduced risk and optimal effectiveness. Contact us for a complimentary assessment of your drain condition and explore our emergency plumbing services for immediate assistance.

With more than three decades of dedicated service throughout San Diego, Black Mountain Plumbing addresses these difficult situations using qualified equipment and effective methods that restore proper function safely. This knowledge removes the ongoing worry of recurring blockages while providing reliable protection for your home's plumbing infrastructure. For more about our time-tested commitment to quality, visit our about page.

How to Prevent Shower Drain Clogs Long-Term

Effective prevention halts shower drain clogs before they develop into significant inconveniences. Establishing consistent habits and installing protective devices eliminates the most common sources of buildup, conserving both time and money while maintaining pipe condition. Small daily habits combined with periodic maintenance generate lasting results. For additional prevention strategies across your home, explore our prevent plumbing disasters guide.

Installing and Using Hair Catchers

Screens screens or in-drain traps trap hair ahead of it goes into the plumbing system, greatly reducing the primary cause of most blockages. These budget-friendly devices demand only seconds to empty after each use and keep full effectiveness with low effort. Various styles suit various drain designs. Regular use avoids the large portion of hair-related clogged shower drains. Discover installation options in our bathroom plumbing tips article.

Top Product Recommendations

Durable stainless steel or silicone catchers built for effortless cleaning provide the best long-term performance. Types that fit flush with the drain give a neat appearance while maintaining full function. Superior construction ensures years of dependable service. For more product recommendations, see our bathroom fixtures page.

Drain Cleaner Near Me Santee, CASewer Cleaning Santee, CA


Weekly and Monthly Flush Schedules

Running hot water through drains on a weekly basis melts light residues, while every month natural flushes with baking soda and vinegar provide more thorough cleaning without harsh chemicals. This easy schedule avoids gradual buildup and keeps smooth flow throughout the system. Consistency is superior than occasional intensive cleaning. For maintenance scheduling advice, check our plumbing maintenance guide.

Natural Flush Recipes

Baking soda after vinegar produces a harmless, successful foaming action that breaks down organic material organically. Multiple hot water flushes afterward clear freed debris fully. This approach remains well-liked for its security and green benefits. Explore more natural solutions in our eco-friendly upgrades article.

Water Softening and Filtration Options

Setting up a whole-house water softener or targeted filtration system significantly reduces mineral content that leads to scale formation. These solutions protect all plumbing fixtures and extend pipe lifespan significantly. Many San Diego homeowners see fewer clogged shower drains after using these upgrades. Discover system options in our water filtration systems page.

Benefits for San Diego Homes

Lower mineral levels dramatically decrease scale buildup, lowering maintenance frequency and lengthening plumbing system longevity. Residents in hard water areas encounter noticeable improvement in general drainage performance. These upgrades offer outstanding long-term value. For local water quality information, see our water quality matters guide.

Lifestyle Habits to Reduce Risk

Combing loose hair ahead of entering the shower and minimizing heavy oil-based products greatly decreases material entering the drain. Small habit changes produce significant results in preventing blockages. Family members can easily adopt these habits with little effort. Learn more lifestyle tips in our prevent drain clogs article.

Avoiding Problematic Products

Opting for lighter-weight, residue-free shampoos, conditioners, and body washes decreases buildup inside pipes. Avoiding pouring thick products straight down the drain additionally minimizes risk. These deliberate choices help long-term plumbing health. For product recommendations, visit our bathroom fixtures page.

Implementing these simple preventive measures keeps drains flowing smoothly for years with low effort. Personalized plans tailored to your unique household and water conditions enhance effectiveness further. Contact us for a complimentary consultation on comprehensive maintenance strategies.

Frequently Asked Questions About Shower Drain Clogs

How do I know if my shower drain clog is serious?
Fast water backup, reduced drainage in multiple fixtures, persistent odors, or strange sounds often show hidden blockages. These alert signs indicate the need for professional inspection to prevent pipe damage or mold growth. Timely assessment avoids expensive escalation. For professional evaluation, see our plumbing inspections page. (48 words)

Can hard water cause permanent damage?
Yes, continuous mineral deposits slowly erode pipes, decrease flow capacity, and reduce overall system lifespan. Regular maintenance or water softening systems successfully reduce these risks. Handling hard water early safeguards your entire plumbing network. Learn more in our hard water guide. (52 words)

What's the best natural way to unclog a shower drain?
The combination of baking soda and vinegar creates a secure fizzing reaction that clears hair and soap scum organically. Let sufficient reaction time before flushing thoroughly. This method performs well for most minor to moderate blockages. Explore more natural solutions in our eco-friendly plumbing article. (58 words)

When should I call a professional for a clogged shower drain?
Call a professional when repeated DIY attempts fail, odors persist despite cleaning, or multiple drains display slowing. Experts use advanced tools like hydro jetting and cameras for complete, lasting clearance. Prompt professional intervention avoids more extensive damage. For emergency help, visit our emergency plumbing services page. (62 words)

How often should I preventively clean my shower drain?
Weekly hot water flushes together with monthly natural treatments are enough for most households. Large hair volume or hard water families benefit from more frequent care to preserve optimal flow (Drain Plumber Near Me Santee). Regularity prevents significant buildup. For maintenance schedules, see our plumbing maintenance guide. (59 words)

Does hydro jetting damage pipes?
When done by certified professionals, hydro jetting without risk cleans pipes with managed high-pressure water that clears buildup without producing harm. This method provides better results compared to many alternatives. Professional application ensures pipe integrity stays protected. Discover more about this service on our drain cleaning page. (64 words)

What is the average cost to unclog a shower drain professionally?
Standard professional service usually ranges between $200 and $350 depending on clog severity, location, and required method. Transparent pricing avoids surprise charges. Most jobs complete in a single visit. For detailed pricing information, check our plumbing coupons page. (57 words)

Why do some clogs keep coming back?
Repeated recurrence typically stems from hidden issues like mineral scale, improper pipe slope, or unseen damage. Professional camera inspections find these root causes for permanent resolution. Addressing the source ends the cycle effectively. Learn about diagnostic services in our camera inspection page. (60 words)

Are chemical drain cleaners safe for pipes?
Many chemical cleaners over time corrode pipes, especially older or plastic varieties, while offering only temporary relief. Safe alternatives and professional methods provide safer , more permanent outcomes. Avoiding harsh chemicals protects your plumbing system. For safer alternatives, see our prevent drain clogs guide. (58 words)

How can I prevent hair clogs in a family bathroom?
Place reliable hair catchers, encourage family members to brush hair before showering, and carry out regular maintenance flushes. These together habits substantially reduce accumulation in frequent bathrooms (Drain Plumber Near Me Santee). Proactive care creates easy daily routines. For family-focused solutions, explore our residential plumbing page. (56 words)

In San Diego County—including communities such as San Diego, Poway, Chula Vista, Oceanside, Escondido, Carlsbad, El Cajon, Vista, San Marcos, Encinitas, La Mesa, Santee, National City, Imperial Beach, Lemon Grove, Coronado, Del Mar, Rancho Bernardo, Scripps Ranch, and Mira Mesa—trusted local plumbing support makes managing these issues much easier. 9909 Hibert Street, Suite E San Diego, CA 92131 gives accessible access for residents across the region. Call (858) 536-4161 when you need assistance.

Real customer experiences demonstrate the impact professional service makes: “The team fully resolved our ongoing hard water blockage in a single visit—the shower now drains perfectly every time,” noted Sarah T. from Poway. Another client, Michael R. from Rancho Bernardo, mentioned: “The team came quickly, clarified everything clearly, and fixed our slow drain issue without any surprises.” A third homeowner, Lisa M. from Mira Mesa, commented: “After years of frustration with recurring clogs, their complete approach finally gave us lasting results. Strongly recommend their expertise.” The continual worry of standing water and recurring blockages generates real anxiety for homeowners, but expert intervention provides quick relief and logical protection against future problems. The emotional comfort of a dependable shower experience paired with the realistic advantages of safeguarded pipes and avoided expensive repairs offers exceptional value. For more customer stories, see our reviews page.

We Can Help! Contact Us Today.

The continual frustration of dealing with a shower drain clog disrupts your daily routine and creates needless stress, but effective solutions exist to return proper drainage fast and for good. Our licensed technicians excel in drain cleaning, hydro jetting, camera inspections, and complete plumbing services, delivering reliable, high-quality results with precision and expertise. No matter if you're a busy family dealing with constant buildup, a senior seeking dependable low-maintenance solutions, or a homeowner troubled about hard water effects, we know your particular needs and handle them carefully. A complimentary consultation and complete estimate are provided to discuss your situation. With decades of experience and a satisfaction guarantee backing every job, we make sure your plumbing system performs reliably for years to come. Let us eliminate the worry and restore your peace of mind with total confidence!

Call (858) 536-4161 today for your estimate.

Black Mountain Plumbing

Address: 9909 Hibert Street Suite E San Diego, CA 92131
Phone: (858) 536-4161
Email: [email protected]
Black Mountain Plumbing

Drain Service Santee, CA

Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA
Plumbing And Drain Service Near Me Santee, CA
Plumbers Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Plumbers Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Plumbing Santee, CA
Drain Cleaner Service Near Me Santee, CA
Sewer Line Repair Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Services Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Plumber Santee, CA
Drain Plumber Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Trenchless Sewer Repair Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Company Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Plumber Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Plumbers Near Me Santee, CA
Clogged Drain Plumber Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Plumbing Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drains Plumbing Santee, CA
Drain Plumbing Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaner Service Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Service Santee, CA

Sewer Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Plumbing Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Company Santee, CA
Drain Cleaner Near Me Santee, CA
Sewer Cleaning Santee, CA
Plumbing And Drain Service Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Service Santee, CA
Sewer Line Repair Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Plumbing Santee, CA
Sewer Cleaning Santee, CA
Plumber Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Sewer Cleaning Santee, CA
Trenchless Sewer Repair Santee, CA
Drain Plumbing Santee, CA
Drain Plumber Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Plumber Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Trenchless Sewer Repair Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Company Santee, CA
Sewer Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Plumbing Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Service Santee, CA
Drain Plumbing Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA
Sewer Drain Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Cleaning Services Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Clogged Drain Plumber Santee, CA
Drain Plumbing Santee, CA
Drain Company Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Sewer And Drain Cleaning Near Me Santee, CA
Clogged Drain Plumber Santee, CA
Drain Plumber Santee, CA
Drain Cleaner Service Near Me Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Sewer Repair Santee, CA
Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA
Drains Plumbing Santee, CA
Sewer Cleaning Santee, CA
Drain Plumber Santee, CA
Drain Plumbing Santee, CA
Plumbing Drain Cleaning Santee, CA





Best Seo Services Santee, CA

Local Seo Services For Business Santee, CA





Black Mountain Plumbing

Sewer Line Repair Santee, CA

Drain Clog Plumber Santee, CA

Latest Posts

Miramar Tankless Water Heater Installer Near Me

Published en
11 min read

Tankless Hot Water Heater Installers Near Me Bernardo Village

Published en
11 min read

Water Heater Installation Rancho Santa Fe

Published en
11 min read

More

Latest Posts

Miramar Tankless Water Heater Installer Near Me

Published Feb 04, 26
11 min read

Water Heater Installation Rancho Santa Fe

Published Feb 04, 26
11 min read